Cubism Magazine Spread
Report- Cubism
Cubism 1907-1914
Cubism was one of the most influential visual art styles in the Avant-Garde period of the early twentieth century. It was created by Pablo Picasso (Spanish 1882-1973) and George Braque (French 1882-1963) in Paris between 1907-1914.The ideas of space was explored in a whole new dimension because of its geometric shapes, it was a difficult art form to produce of distinct planes. In order to accomplish this, the spacing of the shapes were very important. Picasso painted some shapes close together, some further apart and even overlapping. This allowed our eyes to see things in front of things, instead of lots of shapes “Floating in an indefinite space, and shading randomly from light to dark”. (Karmel pg23) These techniques give a sense to what can otherwise be confusing and disorderly forms of art.
Picasso main contribution to Cubism was his depiction of bodies. He did not draw bodies in their usual form; instead he gave them a free flowing shapes that could move in a large space which gave this art form an individuality of its own. There was no direction to this art form unlike others. As expected, there were many negative attitudes towards Cubism because of its drastically revolutionary form. Many of Picasso’s pieces were called things such as “monstrous” and “inhuman”(Karmel pg99) However, Picasso’s strong belief in this art form explained using nature to depict real images in their most real form. He believed that his past paintings had never been realistic, and now he follows the aspects close to nature, this cause uproar with society. Picasso discovered new ways of art and he said, “A painter’s study should be laboratory. He should invent, not just copy nature like an ape” (qtd Karmel, pg99) Picasso invented a radically new art form and with the help of others, he made his mark in Cubism.
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon Pablo Picasso
Analytical Cubism
Between the years of 1909-1912 it was known as Analytical Cubism “Man with the Guitar” is known to be one of Braque masterpieces. Analytical Cubism is the austere and cerebral stage of this movement. The earlier works of Braque and Picasso gave way to a consistent process of composition in which the forms and objects depicted into a large number of complex hinged opaque and transparent planes that fuse with one another and its surrounding space. In which giving the appearance of compact dense forms in the middle of the painting and growing more diffused towards the edges. Alone with Picasso, Braque became the undisputed King of Cubist movement and by the 1920s he was already recognized and successful. By 1912 Braque introduced a collage of his works (or paper colle) thus ushering in the style of “Synthetic Cubism” (Irish Art Encyclopedia).
Man with Guitar George Braque 1911
Synthetic Cubism
Synthetic Cubism following the Proto type and Analytical stages of Cubism, the last collaboration between George Braque and Pablo Picasso occurred around 1913-1914 a period known as Synthetic Cubism, work from this time were composed of more colourful and embody various extraneous material (newspapers cuttings, tickets, Tobacco wrappings etc) and simpler forms based on a lesser extent of natural objects. Brighter colours were applied to give the compositions a more relaxed and decorative effect to cubism (many artist use this technique in their art forms today), at this time it was suggested that art could be made with scissors and glue as easily as with brushes and paint a literating and unconventional approach for those days. Pablo Picasso and George Braque collages influenced a number of famous painters and Architects especially “Dada School of Arts and Czech”
Czech Cubism
Czech Cubism manifested itself after Pablo Picasso and George Braque. Czech Cubism focused their art forms upon, sculpture, furniture and architecture using geometric variation, slicing planes and crystalline shapes. They felt that this allowed a dynamism that made the mundane into works of art. Four young multitalented designers, Otto Wagner, Jan Kotera were behind the bulk of Prague’s Czech Cubist legacy. A major Czech Cubist building is the “Hodek Apartment House” designed by architect Josef Chochol it can be seen on Neklanova Street in the Vysschrad neighborhood of Prague. Its construction started in 1913- 1914, The Hodek development is a radical application of cubism. Czech cubist buildings and structures as well as gateways, fountains and even lamppost can be found throughout Prague.
Cubism today
The metaphoric of Cubism was introduced in a historical time with Europe growing rapidly with the technology of radios and telephones. The Transition from foot and horses to vehicles and the development of the airplanes as a viable weapon to accommodate World War I in 1914. Although the Cubist groups were largely dispersed after World War I, their collective break from visual realism had an enriching and decisive influence on the development of the 20th century art. It provided a new Stylistic vocabulary and a technical idiom that remain forceful till this day (G. Apollinare, The Cubist Painters 1913 tr 1949).
Pablo Picasso Guitar 1913
Czech Cubism
Czech Cubism manifested itself after Pablo Picasso and George Braque. Czech Cubism focused their art forms upon, sculpture, furniture and architecture using geometric variation, slicing planes and crystalline shapes. They felt that this allowed a dynamism that made the mundane into works of art. Four young multitalented designers, Otto Wagner, Jan Kotera were behind the bulk of Prague’s Czech Cubist legacy. A major Czech Cubist building is the “Hodek Apartment House” designed by architect Josef Chochol it can be seen on Neklanova Street in the Vysschrad neighborhood of Prague. Its construction started in 1913- 1914, The Hodek development is a radical application of cubism. Czech cubist buildings and structures as well as gateways, fountains and even lamppost can be found throughout Prague.
Kovarovica Villa Details
Furniture at the Museum of Cubism
Cubism today
The metaphoric of Cubism was introduced in a historical time with Europe growing rapidly with the technology of radios and telephones. The Transition from foot and horses to vehicles and the development of the airplanes as a viable weapon to accommodate World War I in 1914. Although the Cubist groups were largely dispersed after World War I, their collective break from visual realism had an enriching and decisive influence on the development of the 20th century art. It provided a new Stylistic vocabulary and a technical idiom that remain forceful till this day (G. Apollinare, The Cubist Painters 1913 tr 1949).
Cubism moved away from the renaissance period where paintings represented a space that can be navigated. The viewer can enter the painting in some way, or at least can relate the painted image back to a scene, however stylized the painting may be. Where as cubism challenges its viewers to look deeply into paintings, combining shapes and planes to visualize the scene that is being interrupted. . For the first time, a single image could simultaneously embody multiple vantage points. It has become one of the most important modern movements in the art world and went on to influence a generation of artist and inspired other movements including Der Blaue Reiter, Futurism, Neo-Plasticise and Supremacist. (visual-arts-cork.com) Cubism has influenced graphic designers in poster work, publications and advertising. Fashions designers have also been influenced, Cubans use cubism in their fabrics and designs.
References:
Cubism, Futurism and Constructivism
Author: J.M..Nash isbn: 0500410526
Cubism 71 plates 8 in colour
Author: Edward F. Fry isbn:0500200475
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http/fullissue.com/Pablo-biography-1881-1973 - Retrieved by J Ang 12/08/2010
http/cubistro.co/cubotimeline. - Retrieved by J Ang 12/08/2010
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